Lagayscienza wrote: ↑October 23rd, 2023, 7:19 am
Christianity was just one, but a very important factor in the destruction of Roman civilisation. So much knowledge was lost. It was not for want of trying by the christians who wanted to destroy it completely, but some works of literature (usually fragmentary) and some visual art from the classical period did survive and was emulated centuries later in the west.
It is an oversimplification to attribute the destruction of Roman civilization to Christianity. The decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire was a multifaceted process that took place over several centuries. It involved economic, political, military, and social factors. The rise of Christianity coincided with this decline but was not necessarily the prime cause of it. Instead, corruption and mismanagement in the Roman bureaucracy and government contributed to the empire's decline, with bureaucrats and officials seeking personal gain at the expense of the state.
Additionally, the Roman Empire began to face economic challenges, causing high taxation, inflation, debasement of currency, and economic inequality. The empire's vast size and the cost of maintaining a large military were also significant financial burdens. The Empire also experienced a series of weak and ineffective leaders and there were frequent changes in leadership, often through assassination or military coups, which led to a lack of stability and governance. The Roman Empire was also divided into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires, with the latter being more stable and economically prosperous, whereas the Western Empire had administrative and logistical challenges.
The Empire faced external threats from various barbarian groups, such as the Visigoths, Vandals, and Huns. The Roman military struggled to defend the empire's vast borders, and military defeats weakened the empire's ability to protect itself. As a result, Roman legions were gradually withdrawn from places like Britain, and Christian clerics started to play a larger role. They were not only involved in religious matters, but also in education and administration of society during this time.
While there were instances of destruction of classical knowledge, there were also efforts to preserve it within Christian circles. Classical art and literature continued to exert a significant influence on Western culture in the centuries that followed the fall of the Roman Empire. Of course, there were instances of religious zeal leading to the destruction of certain classical texts and artworks, particularly those perceived as pagan or heretical, no one would deny this, but not all Christians advocated for or engaged in such activities.
On the contrary, it was Christians and Muslims, but particularly monks and scholars, who played a crucial role in preserving classical knowledge. Monastic scriptoria were instrumental in copying and preserving classical texts, including works of ancient philosophy, science, and literature. Consider also figures like St. Augustine and St. Jerome, who engaged with classical thought and integrated it into Christian theology. And despite some destruction, classical art and literature continued to influence Western culture throughout the Middle Ages and into the Renaissance. The works that survived, often in fragmentary form, had a profound impact on later Western intellectual and artistic traditions.
The pressure from barbarian invasions and migrations played a significant role in the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths in 410 CE and the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE were critical events in this process. That is why it's important to consider the historical context and various perspectives when discussing these complex historical topics.