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Use this forum to discuss the philosophy of science. Philosophy of science deals with the assumptions, foundations, and implications of science.
By Wooden shoe
#255734
ATREYU.

Yes indeed, I echo PA's sentiment. Having followed this thread for some time mainly to see just how absurd the theorizing would get, it is nice to see you bringing it back to earth.

There are questions to which we just do not have the answer, and likely never will have.

We all are a part of this spaceship Earth, hurtling through the immensity of the cosmos, perhaps it would be better to concentrate on making this trip as good as possible for others and ourselves.

Regards, John.
Location: Dryden ON Canada
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By Sy Borg
#255735
Atreyu, we will continue to chip away at this question. At present we have postulated back to one Planck time after the big bang/bounce/grow. It would seem that the key to this quest is to learn about the preceeding Planck time. The LHC might help as it creates states of matter that we've never seen before.

I was thinking about biocentrism this morning on the dog walk (as one does). I rather like Lee Smolin's biological universe hypothesis, breeding via black holes.

I see no problem with attempting to understand that which we may never understand. Apart from enjoying the bone-headed courage of lost causes, the world would be poorer if everyone was sensible. I'd rather intellectual and other resources go into esoteric science than many other funding areas.
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By Atreyu
#255755
Greta wrote:Atreyu, we will continue to chip away at this question. At present we have postulated back to one Planck time after the big bang/bounce/grow. It would seem that the key to this quest is to learn about the preceeding Planck time. The LHC might help as it creates states of matter that we've never seen before.

I was thinking about biocentrism this morning on the dog walk (as one does). I rather like Lee Smolin's biological universe hypothesis, breeding via black holes.

I see no problem with attempting to understand that which we may never understand. Apart from enjoying the bone-headed courage of lost causes, the world would be poorer if everyone was sensible. I'd rather intellectual and other resources go into esoteric science than many other funding areas.
Oh, don't get me wrong. I agree. There's nothing wrong with pondering the question. All I was saying was that the most likely scenario is that the Universe never had a beginning, but rather always existed. And I based that in part on the fact that we have no logical explanation for how it could have begun. But certainly there could be value in pondering how Something could have come from Nothing. I was just positing that in the midst of this intellectual exercise we must acknowledge that it's likely a moot point.

A good philosopher will point out, when asked "When did the Universe begin? ", that it might not have, therefore the question might not be apropos. We really don't know if the Universe had a beginning. Upon considering the question further, a good philosopher will then consider which of the two positions is most likely --- 1) that the Universe began, or 2) that the Universe always existed.

At first glance, it would appear that it could go either way, and we'd almost have to say something like '50-50' if asked the likelihood of either possibility. We know option #2 is a distinct possibility, since we know that our entire cognition of time is completely subjective, but we also know that option #1 is also a valid possibility --- there may be some truth in our basic cognition of time, and indeed it's quite possible that the Universe began somehow. With no evidence possible either way, all our reason tells us is that it could be either one, but there is no way of saying which is the most likely.

But I posited that Option #2 was the "correct" one, philosophically speaking. A good philosopher will lean towards the Universe having no beginning, and if pressed will say something like it "probably" always existed. And I based that on the following two grounds:

1) Practicality. Occam's razor. There is no need to explain how the Universe began if it never did. Therefore, even attempting to do is a basic error. And this is not a "cop out", as the whole point of explanations is to make the Universe understandable and coherent. So while we certainly will have to admit that we cannot understand how the Universe could have always been, it still leaves us with a more solid, simple, and coherent understanding of the Universe than when we try to explain something as inexplicable, and possibly as irrelevant, as how Something came from Nothing. It's a much easier, if still daunting, task, to explain how things came to be the way they are, than it is to explain how anything came to be in the first place.

2) (and this was the point of my last post) The fact that we cannot explain adequately, at all, how in the world the Universe could have begun. A good philosopher will take note of all the feeble and inadequate attempts at this endeavor, throughout all of human history, and including all of modern science, and consider that the reason for this could likely be that indeed there was no beginning at all.

A good philosopher always takes note of the inexplicable, for his task to is conquer it. And he often sees that the way to conquer it is not by finally explaining the inexplicable -- something no man before him has ever done -- but rather by showing that the inexplicable has only reared its ugly head due to false assumptions and false questions, false propositions, much like the inexplicability that arises when a child cannot understand how in the world Santa Claus could possibly make it around the world in one night. I'm sure we all remember asking ourselves that question as children. And we all came up with a myriad of explanations --- multiple santa clauses, helpers, logical use of time zones and travel routes, etc, etc --- because there had to be a way for him to do it, because it was done. It had to be explained. Only later did we realize why our explanations were so inexplicable and unsatisfying -- because they were based on a false premise in the first place. There really was no Santa Clause. The explanation we could not consider at the time, because it would have been too unpleasant.

I appeal to you that the same is true in this case, my fellow philosophers. Our "Beginning of the Universe" is our Santa Clause, and all of the myriad of wild and speculative theories you see concerning how this Beginning could have been, are just as illogical as the theory of multiple santa clauses around the world. No, the solution is the same as before. There is no Santa Clause, no "Beginning", no matter how uncomfortable that may make us feel, hence the apparent inexplicability in the first place. And inexplicabilities like this arise because the human mind is trying to uphold something it knows it shouldn't....
Favorite Philosopher: P.D. Ouspensky Location: Orlando, FL
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By Sy Borg
#255758
Cheers Atreyu, well explained. Sorry, I'd misunderstood. You're didn't question the pursuit of hopeless causes of inquiry per se but this particular seemingly hopeless cause.

I agree with you. The idea of "something from nothing" seems to be a failure thus far to recognise whatever phenomena exist in what we call "nothing". We'd long assumed that space was nothing, a perfect vacuum, and we've since found it's far from the case, with the "emptiness" of space bubbling with subatomic activity. Just as well too. If space was a perfect vacuum it would suck in all surrounding material until pressure equilibrium was achieved, like a cosmic low pressure system. Instead, space pushes outwards via "dark energy" everywhere except when overpowered locally by gravitational fields, eg. black holes.

Also, the question could be reframed. Which universe? Our universe or reality per se? If you universe is not reality per se, then we are left with the question as to whether multiple universes exist serially, in parallel, both or neither. The most popular theory at present is inflation - runaway expansion of a subatomic particle. I think the singularity meme is looking increasingly odd, unless it's considered to be a transitional state of an entity at most Planck scale that existed for just a Planck time - or less (who knows what the smallest scale of reality is for sure, or how it might behave?).
By Wayne92587
#255761
You should be speaking of the existence of time the same way you speak of the existence or non-existence of your God!

Some go as far as to say that if you do not have knowledge, do not know, that a reality does exist, then it does not exist.

It would serve you better to say that you are "uncertain" as to the existence or non-existence of time.

-- Updated November 2nd, 2015, 3:18 am to add the following --

Atreyu a good philosopher would not lean towards saying that the Universe did not have a beginning!

A good philosopher would more likely say that he or she was Uncertain as to whether or not the Universe did or did not have a beginning!
Favorite Philosopher: Hermese Trismegistus
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By Alec Smart
#255777
Wayne92587 wrote:You should be speaking of the existence of time the same way you speak of the existence or non-existence of your God!

Some go as far as to say that if you do not have knowledge, do not know, that a reality does exist, then it does not exist.

It would serve you better to say that you are "uncertain" as to the existence or non-existence of time.

-- Updated November 2nd, 2015, 3:18 am to add the following --

Atreyu a good philosopher would not lean towards saying that the Universe did not have a beginning!

A good philosopher would more likely say that he or she was Uncertain as to whether or not the Universe did or did not have a beginning!
Wayne, you actually said something I agree with. I don't know which one of us should be the most worried.
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By Atreyu
#255793
Wayne92587 wrote:Atreyu a good philosopher would not lean towards saying that the Universe did not have a beginning!

A good philosopher would more likely say that he or she was Uncertain as to whether or not the Universe did or did not have a beginning!
Not true. A really good philosopher would hone in on the two alternatives and be able to comment on which is the most likely, or at least which alternative leaves us with a more coherent model.

And I did just that with my last post....
Favorite Philosopher: P.D. Ouspensky Location: Orlando, FL
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By Sy Borg
#255795
Maybe we should try to find a good philosopher to adjudicate? ;)
By Wayne92587
#255805
Great idea Greta!

-- Updated November 3rd, 2015, 5:24 am to add the following --

Alex Smart, GOOD!

I simply applied Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle:

If something is not readily apparent, it's existence or non-existence is Uncertain!

-- Updated November 3rd, 2015, 5:33 am to add the following --

Alec Smart!

I should be the One to worry!
Favorite Philosopher: Hermese Trismegistus
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By DavidLatimer
#255980
Science can tell us when the Big Bang happened, however the universe includes more than our visible universe. So, this question is within the realm of philosophical speculation.

My view is that the Big Bang was an event which happened in a wider universe. This wider universe is sometimes called the multiverse, however I prefer to stick to the original concept of universe. We currently do not know how to probe the outer universe (that is outside the bubble of our visible universe), but I think the answer will be found in the study of sub-atomic particles. As we explore more deeply into the sub-atomic, I believe we will discover structures and processes which existed before the Big Bang and continue to exist outside the visible universe. I suppose it, because the Big Bang appears to follow from a set of physical laws that preexisted that event. Those laws may be very bizarre, but I think they are dependent on the tick-tick of relative time, meaning the processes have causality and are not instantaneous. Eventually, the Big Bang may be an event which is as understandable and commonplace as a super nova. Science would be able to put a time on it, and find evidence of the Big Bang events occurring in the wider universe.

If this is true, then this question is entirely speculative, so let's do that. Time is relative and so the relativist effect may be more pronounced in the outer universe. Time may tick exceedingly fast or excruciatingly slow, but the fact that is relative may itself be a clue. So following from this, I speculate that parts of outer universe time ticks slowly or not at all. In the case of time not ticking, it would mean there is no causality to feel the effect of time. The first generation of causal activity in the universe would mark the beginning of time, but it would not be measurable by the standards of time we use on Earth -- we would not be able to say how many billion years ago this was, due to relativistic effects.
By Platos stepchild
#256053
Scott wrote:Do you have a leading candidate proposal of your own that explains the origins of the universe?
Let's define the universe as the totality of that which is contained within spacetime. I agree it can have neither a beginning nor an ending, because beginnings and endings need a spatial-temporal framework. The universe must therefore be regarded as necessary. In other words, the universe necessarily is. And, whatever it is, endures forever.
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By Alec Smart
#256071
Platos stepchild wrote: Let's define the universe as the totality of that which is contained within spacetime.
That may be how you want to define it but on what grounds have you arrived at that definition?
I agree it can have neither a beginning nor an ending, because beginnings and endings need a spatial-temporal framework.
How do you know there isn't a "spatial-temporal framework"?
The universe must therefore be regarded as necessary. In other words, the universe necessarily is
I can't see anything that you've said that leads to this conclusion.
And, whatever it is, endures forever.
How can you possibly know that?
By Wayne92587
#256072
Platos stepchild wrote; Let's define the universe as the totality of that which is contained within spacetime.

I agree it can have neither a beginning nor an ending, because beginnings and endings need a spatial-temporal framework. The universe must therefore be regarded as necessary. In other words, the universe necessarily is. And, whatever it is, endures forever.
Wayne wrote;

I agree with your use of the word Universe; the totality of that which is contained within Space-time.

Being that that the term Space-Time is synonymous with the term Universe, means that Space-Time also had a beginning.

Why are you talking about endings needing a spatial-temporal framework; the subject is the Beginning not the Ending! Space-Time did not exist until the beginning moment of Time, Point in Space, that existence, the Universe, that Space-Time began.

The spatial-temporal framework of Space-Time could not exist without the existence of the Physical Universe.

Space-Time, the relativity of Time and Space began right alone with the Beginning of the Universe.

Before the Beginning of the Universe the spatial-temporal framework of Space-Time did not exist; the whole of Reality existing as a Undifferentiated Singularity, Time, Space and Motion being Infinite, not being measurable as to location and momentum in Space-Time, not being readily apparent, being everlasting, Eternal.
Favorite Philosopher: Hermese Trismegistus
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By Alec Smart
#256073
Wayne92587 wrote:
I agree with your use of the word Universe; the totality of that which is contained within Space-time.

Being that that the term Space-Time is synonymous with the term Universe, means that Space-Time also had a beginning.
This is just assumption with nothing to support it.
Time did not exist until the beginning moment of Time
When it comes to deduction you make Sherlock Holmes look like a beginner.
Space-Time, the relativity of Time and Space began right alone with the Beginning of the Universe.
You are stating, as fact, something that you have no way of knowing the truth of.
Before the Beginning of the Universe the spatial-temporal framework of Space-Time did not exist; the whole of Reality existing as a Undifferentiated Singularity, Time, Space and Motion being Infinite, not being measurable as to location and momentum in Space-Time, not being readily apparent, being everlasting, Eternal.
And now you're doing it again.
By Wayne92587
#256076
I should not try to explain my post to you, but I will.

The Universe as spoken of consists of the totality that exists within Space-Time, the Four-Dimensional World of Reality, which includes two dimensions of Space, One dimension of Time and One dimension of Motion; without motion "velocity and speed of direction" within both Time and Space nothing would be measurable as to location and momentum in Space-Time, Time and Space would not be relative.

Space-Time, the Physical Universe, the Totality of Everything, all existing within the spatial-temporal framework of the Universe, Space-Time, the Totality of the Reality of Everything.

Prior to the Beginning, the spatial-temporal framework of the physical Universe, Space-Time, the Totality of the Reality of Everything, the four-dimensional Continuum of Space-Time (the Relativity of Time, Space and Motion, the Physical Universe), the Reality of Everything did not exist, only Nothingness existed.


Wayne wrote;

I agree with your use of the word Universe; the totality of that which is contained within Space-time.

Being that that the term Space-Time is synonymous with the term Universe, means that Space-Time also had a beginning.

Why are you talking about endings needing a spatial-temporal framework; the subject is the Beginning not the Ending! Space-Time did not exist until the beginning moment of Time, Point in Space, that existence, the Universe, that Space-Time began.

The spatial-temporal framework of Space-Time could not exist without the existence of the Physical Universe.

Space-Time, the relativity of Time and Space began right alone with the Beginning of the Universe.

Before the Beginning of the Universe the spatial-temporal framework of Space-Time did not exist; the whole of Reality existing as a Undifferentiated Singularity, Time, Space and Motion being Infinite, not being measurable as to location and momentum in Space-Time, not being readily apparent, being everlasting, Eternal.
Favorite Philosopher: Hermese Trismegistus
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